直线模拟加载系统的研究进展与发展趋势

直线模拟加载系统是一种用于在实验室条件下模拟承载对象工作时所受直线负载力的半实物仿真系统，可用于模拟各类飞行器关键部件在工作过程中所受的气体阻力载荷。针对目前常用的机械式、电液式和电动式直线模拟加载系统，分析其基本加载原理和研究进展，结合自行研制的电动式直线模拟加载系统进行了深入探讨。针对多余力抑制方法的关键问题，详细论述了直线负载模拟器的结构补偿方法和控制策略。最后，展望了直线模拟加载系统的发展趋势，归纳了电动式直线模拟加载系统的高精度、大载荷发展方向。     

Fully distributed time-varying formation tracking control for multiple quadrotor vehicles via finite-time convergent extended state observer

This paper investigates a time-varying anti-disturbance formation problem for a group of quadrotor aircrafts with time-varying uncertainties and a directed interaction topology. A novel Finite-Time Convergent Extended State Observer (FTCESO) based fully-distributed formation control scheme is proposed to enhance the disturbance rejection and the formation tracking performances for networked quadrotors. By adopting the hierarchical control strategy, the multi-quadrotor system is separated into two subsystems: the outer-loop cooperative subsystem and the inner-loop attitude subsystem. In the outer-loop subsystem, with the estimation of disturbing forces and uncertain dynamics from FTCESOs, an adaptive consensus theory based cooperative controller is exploited to ensure the multiple quadrotors form and maintain a time-varying pattern relying only on the positions of the neighboring aircrafts. In the inner-loop subsystem, the desired attitude generated by the cooperative control law is stably tracked under a FTCESO-based attitude controller in a finite time. Based on a detailed algorithm to specify the cooperative control protocol, the feasibility condition to achieve the time-varying anti-disturbance formation tracking is derived and the rigorous analysis of the whole closed-loop multi-quadrotor system is given. Some numerical examples are conducted to intuitively demonstrate the effectiveness and the improvements of the proposed control framework.     

椭圆振动切削加工的同步控制研究

利用椭圆振动切削加工的回转体表面微织构是在机床主轴旋转、平台进给和装置椭圆振动的联合运动下得到的,机床主轴转动与装置位移输出如果不能保持完全的实时同步,会造成微织构加工的偏差。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种新的基于转角的同步控制方法,该方法在主轴的对位基准处实现装置正弦信号的复位,以修正转速漂移造成的加工位置误差,并通过判断主轴角度信号实时输出对应幅值电压来实时同步信号输出和机床旋转运动。基于LabVIEW FPGA搭建同步控制模块,经试验验证,利用该方法加工的矩形阵列微织构轴向排列与中轴线平行,与周向排列的夹角和仿真结果的偏差不超过0.1°,织构深度随转角的不同发生预设的变化,因此,同步控制方法具有实时同步控制椭圆振动切削装置的能力。     

考虑捷联导引头最小视场角约束的制导策略

针对高超声速飞行器捷联导引头，提出导引头最小视场角（FOV）约束问题。首先分析了导引头视线角变化规律，指出在攻击固定目标时，导引头最小视场角约束在弹道末段无法被满足，导引头将丢失目标。在此基础上，基于缩短导引头丢失目标距离的目标，提出一种满足导引头最小视场角约束的制导策略。该策略不依赖于末制导律形式，当最小视场角约束无法被满足时，改变原有制导指令，主动改变弹道轨迹以增加弹体视线角，避免超出视场范围。其次，针对飞行器过载约束，设计了制导策略切换点，在到达切换点时该制导策略将结束工作，避免末端过载过大超出约束。通过对比仿真验证了所提出制导策略有效性，能够大幅度减少导引头丢失目标距离，工程上有利于提高末端命中精度。     

对于动态目标的航天器鲁棒PD+快速跟踪控制方法

摘要：针对卫星对于空间动态目标快速、稳定地跟踪、控制目标，同时考虑平台模型的不确定性、外部随机干扰、系统控制力矩与角速度约束等因素，设计PD+控制器实现对于动态目标的快速、稳定跟踪；在经典PD控制器的基础上设计控制添加项使得系统能够按照既定轨迹运动；采用变结构的手段实现系统收敛速度的提升；合理设计Lyapunov函数的结构，引出角速度、四元数的耦合项对V函数进行改良，简化系统稳定性证明与分析的过程；讨论系统最极端情形，通过对V函数上下界的讨论分析系统该情形下的稳定性；最后通过数值仿真验证所提出算法的有效性与优越性.     

超精密微牛级微波离子推进技术及其在卫星超精度控制中的应用研究

空间技术的快速发展使得利用空间卫星的编队飞行构建大型空间星座成为可能，在引力波探测、射电望远镜编队、星座组网等任务方面具有重要作用。超精度控制是实现卫星高精度编队飞行的关键技术。推进系统是实现卫星编队长期高度稳定飞行的保证，从而实现内部科学装置的正确运行。不同于常规的推进系统，卫星精密编队超精度控制对推进系统的推力可调范围、分辨率、响应时间、推力的一致性等有着极高的要求。根据卫星精密编队任务需求，对微牛级推进系统的功能及技术要求进行了分析，提出了基于M2微波离子推力器的卫星超精度控制推进系统。阐述了M2超精密微牛级推进系统的关键技术和研究进展，为后续M2推力器在无拖曳控制方面的应用奠定了基础。     

Online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system under rigid communication constraints

This paper focused on online scheduling of distributed Earth observation satellite system in a dynamic environment. The objective was to maximize the total profit of the overall system by efficiently coordinating the different satellites with stochastic arrival of urgent tasks, subject to rigid communication and observation time window constraints. We formulated this problem as a single-task, single-robot, time-extended assignment problem with intra-schedule dependency using the multi-robot task assignment taxonomy and formulated the sub-problem after releasing urgent tasks in a mixed-integer linear programming model. We first described the online scheduling algorithm for a single satellite, then we proposed the modified consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-CBBA) and modified asynchronous consensus-based bundle algorithm (m-ACBBA) with synchronous and asynchronous communication, respectively. Compared with initial versions of CBBA and ACBBA, the modified versions added the communication loop prediction phases to efficiently utilize scarce communication opportunities and reduce the communication requirements. Additionally, we introduce two contract net protocol (CNP)-based algorithms for comparison, respectively SingleItem-CNP-based (SI-CNP) algorithm and Batch-CNP-based (BA-CNP) algorithm. Computational experiments indicated that both the total profit and percentage of scheduled urgent tasks achieved by the m-ACBBA and m-CBBA algorithms were much higher than those achieved by both SI-CNP and BA-CNP. Additionally, the number of communications needed by either m-ACBBA or m-CBBA algorithm was lower than that by SI-CNP. When the communication cost in the system is high, the m-CBBA algorithm is preferred because it balances the profit and the required number of communications. When the communication cost is low, the m-ACBBA algorithm is preferred because it achieves high total profit and high percentage of scheduled urgent tasks.     

Implementation of tactical maneuvers with maneuver libraries

This study creates and combines the general maneuver libraries for fixed-wing aircraft to implement tactical maneuvers. First, the generalized maneuver libraries are established by analyzing the characteristics of tactical maneuvers required in battlefields. The 7th order polynomial is applied to both the creation of the maneuver libraries and the generation of the trajectories or flight paths for modal inputs. To track the desired trajectory, we design the Attitude Command Attitude Hold (ACAH) system and the Rate Command Rate Hold (RCRH) system using Model Following Controller (MFC). Moreover, the Line-of-Sight (LOS) guidance law is designed. In particular, the CONDUIT® is employed to optimize the gains so that the control systems meet the aircraft Handling Qualities (HQ) criteria. Finally, flight simulations are performed for the longitudinal loop, immelmann-turn, and climb-slalom-descent maneuvers to verify that tactical aggressive maneuvers are realizable via the combination of maneuver libraries. This study can contribute to the development of flight techniques for aircraft tactical maneuvers and to the revision of air force operational manuals.     

带攻角约束的高超声速飞行器自适应反步控制器设计

针对带攻角(AOA)约束的高超声速飞行器控制问题，提出一种基于非对称时变障碍函数的非线性自适应反步控制方法。首先，将飞行器模型化为严反馈形式，以反步法为基础进行控制器设计。然后通过光滑饱和函数对名义攻角指令信号进行限幅，并保证限幅信号的可导性，限幅产生的误差通过设计辅助系统进行补偿。进而使用障碍函数对攻角指令跟踪误差进行非对称时变约束。针对不确定性和干扰，设计新型自适应律对集中干扰上界进行估计并补偿。最终通过Lyapunov理论证明了闭环系统状态量一致最终有界并且攻角始终满足时变约束。仿真结果表明，本文方法能够在满足攻角约束基础上保证良好跟踪性能。     

Event-triggered attitude control of spacecraft

The problem of spacecraft attitude stabilization control system with limited communication and external disturbances is investigated based on an event-triggered control scheme. In the proposed scheme, information of attitude and control torque only need to be transmitted at some discrete triggered times when a defined measurement error exceeds a state-dependent threshold. The proposed control scheme not only guarantees that spacecraft attitude control errors converge toward a small invariant set containing the origin, but also ensures that there is no accumulation of triggering instants. The performance of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated through numerical simulation.